MyBatis官网地址:http://www.mybatis.org/mybatis-3/
1、 环境搭建
1. 添加依赖
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!--mybatis坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--mysql驱动坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.15</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!--单元测试坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--⽇志坐标-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2. 添加数据表和实体
数据表
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
实体
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
3. 编写UserMapper映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.example.pojo.User">
insert into user values (#{id}, #{username})
</insert>
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.example.pojo.User">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
4. 编写MyBatis核心文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.example.pojo.User" alias="user"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="dev">
<environment id="dev">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<package name="com.example.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
5. 测试代码
public class MybatisTest {
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
all.forEach(user -> {
System.out.println(user);
});
}
}
2、 mybatis增删改查操作
1. 添加
①. UserMapper.xml中添加
<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.example.pojo.User">
insert into user values (#{id}, #{username})
</insert>
②. 编写测试代码
public class MybatisTest {
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = new User();
user.setId(5);
user.setUsername("555");
userMapper.insert(user);
}
}
③. 注意事项
• 插入语句使用insert标签
• 在映射文件中使用parameterType属性指定要插入的数据类型
•Sql语句中使用#{实体属性名}方式引用实体中的属性值
•插入操作使用的API是sqlSession.insert(“命名空间.id”,实体对象);
•插入操作涉及数据库数据变化,所以要使用sqlSession对象显示的提交事务,即sqlSession.commit()
2. 修改
①. UserMapper.xml中添加
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.UserMapper">
<update id="update" parameterType="com.example.pojo.User">
update user set username=#{username},password=#{password} where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
②. 测试代码
public class MybatisTest {
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = new User();
user.setId(5);
user.setUsername("555");
userMapper.update(user);
}
}
③. 注意事项
• 修改语句使用update标签
• 修改操作使用的API是sqlSession.update(“命名空间.id”,实体对象);
3. 删除
①. UserMapper.xml中添加
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.UserMapper">
<delete id="delete" parameterType="java.lang.Integer">
delete from user where id=#{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
②. 测试代码
public class MybatisTest {
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user = new User();
user.setId(5);
userMapper.delete(user);
}
}
③. 注意事项
• 删除语句使用delete标签
•Sql语句中使用#{任意字符串}方式引用传递的单个参数
•删除操作使用的API是sqlSession.delete(“命名空间.id”,Object);
3、 核心配置文件分析
configuration配置
properties属性
settings设置
typeAliases类型别名
typeHandlers类型处理器
objectFactory 对象工厂
plugins 插件
environments 环境
environment 环境变量
transactionManager 事务管理器
dataSource 数据源
databaseIdProvider 数据库厂商标识
mappers 映射器
1. environments标签 :数据库环境的配置,支持多环境配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
<environments default="dev">
<environment id="dev">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
</configuration>
其中,事务管理器(transactionManager)类型有两种:
①. JDBC:直接使用jdbc的提交和回滚设置,它依赖于从数据源得到的连接来管理事务作用域。
②. MANAGED : 这个配置几乎什么都不做。从来不提交或者回滚一个连接,而是让容器来管理事务的整个生命周期(比如JEE应用服务器的上下文)。默认情况下它会关闭连接,然而一些容器并不希望这样做,因此需要将closeConnection设置为false来阻止它默认的关闭行为。
其中,数据源(DataSource)类型有三种
①. UNPOOLED: 每次请求时打开和关闭连接
②. POOLED: 利用‘池’的概念,讲jdbc连接对象组织起来
③. JNDI: 为了能在如EJB或应用服务器这类容器中使用,容器可以集中或者在外部配置数据源,然后放置一个JNDI上下文的引用。
2. mapper标签: 该标签的作用是加载影射的
•使用相对于类路径的资源引用,例如:
<mapper resource="org/mybatis/builder/AuthorMapper.xml"/>
•使用完全限定资源定位符(URL),例如:
<mapper url="file:///var/mappers/AuthorMapper.xml"/>
•使用映射器接口实现类的完全限定类名,例如:
<mapper class="org.mybatis.builder.AuthorMapper"/>
•将包内的映射器接口实现全部注册为映射器,例如:
<package name="org.mybatis.builder"/>
3. properties标签:加载额外配置
例如,将数据源配置信息单独抽取成一个properties文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>
<environments default="dev">
<environment id="dev">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
</configuration>
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zdy_mybatis?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
4. typeAliases标签: 为java类型设置一个短的名字,别名不区分大小写
原配置:
<insert id="insert" parameterType="com.example.pojo.User">
insert into user values (#{id}, #{username})
</insert>
配置typeAliases
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.example.pojo.User" alias="user"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>
配置之后的mapper.xml
<insert id="insert" parameterType="user">
insert into user values (#{id}, #{username})
</insert>
常用类型的别名:
别名 | 数据类型 |
---|---|
string | String |
int | Integer |
long | Long |
double | Double |
boolean | Boolean |
... | ... |
4、 动态sql
1.
<select id="findByCondition" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
select * from User
<where>
<if test="id!=0">
and id=#{id}
</if>
<if test="username!=null">
and username=#{username}
</if>
</where>
</select>
测试代码:
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User condition = new User();
condition.setId(1);
condition.setUsername("lucy");
User user = userMapper.findByCondition(condition);
}
2.
<select id="findByIds" parameterType="list" resultType="user">
select * from user
<where>
<foreach collection="list" open="id in(" close=")" item="id" separator=",">
#{id}
</foreach>
</where>
</select>
测试代码:
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int[] ids = new int[]{2, 5};
List<User> userList = userMapper.findByIds(ids);
System.out.println(userList);
}
foreach标签的属性含义如下:
标签用于遍历集合,它的属性:
•collection:代表要遍历的集合元素,注意编写时不要写#{}
•open:代表语句的开始部分
•close:代表结束部分
•item:代表遍历集合的每个元素,生成的变量名
•sperator:代表分隔符
3. 抽取sql片段,使用时用include引用,达到sql重用的目的
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.UserMapper">
<sql id="selectUser">
select * from user
</sql>
<select id="findAll" resultType="com.example.pojo.User">
<include refid="selectUser"></include>
</select>
</mapper>